How Do Air Source Heat Pumps Work?

Air source heat pumps are one of the most efficient, low carbon heating solutions. They continue to gain popularity in the UK as a way to counteract rising energy costs that are affecting homeowners. But how exactly does an air source heat pump work? In this helpful guide, we’ll explore how they operate, what makes them efficient even during cold weather and the benefits they provide property owners. 

What is an Air Source Heat Pump?

An air source heat pump (ASHP) is a heating system that extracts warmth from ambient air. It does not need the air outside to be warm to work. ASHPs have an indoor and outdoor unit that are connected by a refrigerant line. An ASHP can heat homes and provide hot water. The heat pump transfers heat to a hot water cylinder, where water is stored and heated for use in taps, showers and baths.

The way ASHPs function makes them suitable for heating a wide range of properties. Outdoor units come in different sizes but require a clear path for efficient air flow. It’s important to choose the right heat pump size to make the most of your heating needs. Typical installation locations place the outdoor unit along an external wall, in a garden or on a flat roof. 

Air source heat pumps function differently from traditional heating solutions. For example, gas boilers burn natural gas to produce heat. The way gas boilers operate can contribute more to carbon emissions and pollution, making ASHPs a more environmentally friendly choice. 

How Does an Air Source Heat Pump Work?

Let’s further explore exactly how an air source heat pump system works. For starters, ASHPs can heat your home in winter and, in some systems, provide cooling during the summer. The outdoor unit extracts heat from the ambient air and transfers it to coils filled with a refrigerant. The refrigerant boils at a very low temperature before being compressed, increasing its heat. This heat is then transferred to the water in your radiator system and circulated around your home. This cycle continues and then repeats to provide continuous heating. 

The main components in an air source heat pump include: 

• Outdoor unit- This contains the fan and heat exchanger that draw in the outside air.
• Evaporator- Facilitates evaporation and absorbs heat from the ambient air.
• Compressor- Increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant. 
• Condenser- Transfer heat from the refrigerant into the heating system. 
• Refrigerant- This fluid absorbs and releases heat as it circulates throughout the system.
• Indoor unit- Connects the heat pump to radiators, underfloor heating and hot water cylinders.
• Control system- Manages temperature settings, timing and system efficiency. 

The Benefits of an Air Source Heat Pump

An air source heat pump can provide property owners with a range of benefits. The advantage that stands out the most is that it’s highly energy efficient. It converts energy from the air into heat at a higher rate than the electricity it uses. This is because it moves heat rather than generates it. Less energy usage can result in lower electricity bills, which is a major long-term benefit for any homeowner looking to save on heating bills. 

There are also environmental benefits associated with air source heat pumps. Because they have a lower carbon footprint than many traditional heating systems, they produce fewer carbon emissions. Although they run on electricity, they use energy very efficiently and are less dependent on fossil fuels than gas boilers, especially as the grid continues to decarbonise.

ASHPs offer several benefits through their design. They operate quietly, which helps avoid disturbing neighbours or disrupting sleep. They are also widely considered to be low maintenance. Appealing to property owners who do not want to commit to frequent upkeep. Their straightforward design means most maintenance is simple, usually limited to removing debris and keeping filters clean. With fewer moving parts, repairs or replacements are typically more straightforward. This design also contributes to their long lifespan, as ASHPs can last between 15 and 25 years with proper care. 

Their efficient operation, functional design and energy-saving capabilities make air source heat pumps a great option for homeowners looking to save big and enjoy comfortable indoor conditions. 

How Much Does an Air Source Heat Pump Cost?

The costs of installing an air source heat pump can vary. They can range anywhere from several thousand pounds to the low tens of thousands. This is dependent on the size of the property that requires heating, installation labour, the heat pump itself and other associated components. Several factors influence the price, but it should be considered an investment, as the long-term savings and improved energy efficiency can help offset the initial installation cost over time.

The insulation levels, the type of heat distribution system in place and whether radiators or pipework need upgrading can also influence the overall price. Installation complexity, available space for indoor and outdoor units and regional labour costs also affect overall pricing.

When it comes to running costs, air source heat pumps are often less expensive to run than traditional heating systems and can be lower than gas heating when installed correctly. This is because they generate multiple units of heating for each unit of electricity used. Overall, many factors can influence the price of installation but the long-term benefits can outweigh the initial costs over time. 

Ground Source vs Air Source Heat Pumps

Both air source and ground source heat pumps are efficient ways to keep your home comfortable. Ground source systems are generally more efficient as the temperature underground is more consistent. However, they typically cost more to install and require significantly more space for the ground loops. Installation can also involve planning permission and disruptive groundwork, which makes it less practical for smaller properties or homes with limited outdoor space.

While air source heat pumps are slightly less efficient than ground source systems, they are still highly effective for heating homes. Their installation is far simpler, requires far less space, and in most cases does not need planning permission. This makes air source heat pumps a more accessible, cost effective and practical choice for a lot of property owners. 

Speak to Rollings Renewables Today

The decision to install an air source heat pump requires careful consideration. Our team can provide expert guidance to help you decide if it’s right for your home. Rollings Renewables are trusted specialists in air source heat pump installations, with the experience and technical knowledge to design systems tailored to each property.

Reach out to us by filling out our contact form, giving us a call on 01905 621777 or sending us an email at sales@rollingsrenewables.co.uk to discuss any questions on how air source heat pumps work or any general enquiries.